A coal dryer is an industrial drying device specifically designed to reduce the moisture content of coal and coal slime. It is a key piece of equipment in the coal processing process, improving coal quality and ensuring safe storage and transportation. Coal often carries a large amount of moisture during mining, washing, and storage, leading to a decrease in calorific value, increased transportation costs, and increased susceptibility to mold and deterioration, even spontaneous combustion, if stored for extended periods. Therefore, reducing coal moisture through drying is crucial for increasing calorific value, reducing inefficient transportation, improving combustion efficiency, and meeting the requirements of downstream processing.
The heat source for a coal dryer comes from the combustion unit, typically using a co-current heating method. During the drying process, the wet coal to be dried is fed into the drum via a feeding device. Due to the slightly inclined placement of the machine, the material slowly moves towards the discharge end under the influence of gravity and the drum's rotation. Spiral lifting plates inside the drum repeatedly lift and scatter the material, forming a uniform curtain of material within the drum. This material comes into full contact with the high-temperature hot air, facilitating heat exchange. As the material is repeatedly scattered, its moisture gradually evaporates, achieving the drying purpose. The dried material is discharged from the outlet, and the exhaust gas is treated by an induced draft fan and dust removal system before being released.
The rotary drum dryer is currently the most widely used coal drying equipment. It mainly consists of a heat source unit, feeder, rotary drum, discharge machine, induced draft fan, unloader, and electrical control cabinet. The equipment comes in various specifications with diameters ranging from 1.6 meters to 4.5 meters and lengths from 15 meters to 30 meters, with daily processing capacities ranging from 200 tons to 3000 tons. The feed moisture content can be controlled at around 40%, and the moisture content after drying can be reduced to around 10% or lower. This equipment has advantages such as large processing capacity, low fuel consumption, low drying cost, and high temperature resistance.
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